Confronting Extractivism & Corporate Power

Women human rights defenders (WHRDs) worldwide defend their lands, livelihoods and communities from extractive industries and corporate power. They stand against powerful economic and political interests driving land theft, displacement of communities, loss of livelihoods, and environmental degradation.


Why resist extractive industries?

Extractivism is an economic and political model of development that commodifies nature and prioritizes profit over human rights and the environment. Rooted in colonial history, it reinforces social and economic inequalities locally and globally. Often, Black, rural and Indigenous women are the most affected by extractivism, and are largely excluded from decision-making. Defying these patriarchal and neo-colonial forces, women rise in defense of rights, lands, people and nature.

Critical risks and gender-specific violence

WHRDs confronting extractive industries experience a range of risks, threats and violations, including criminalization, stigmatization, violence and intimidation.  Their stories reveal a strong aspect of gendered and sexualized violence. Perpetrators include state and local authorities, corporations, police, military, paramilitary and private security forces, and at times their own communities.

Acting together

AWID and the Women Human Rights Defenders International Coalition (WHRD-IC) are pleased to announce “Women Human Rights Defenders Confronting Extractivism and Corporate Power”; a cross-regional research project documenting the lived experiences of WHRDs from Asia, Africa and Latin America.

We encourage activists, members of social movements, organized civil society, donors and policy makers to read and use these products for advocacy, education and inspiration.

Share your experience and questions!

Tell us how you are using the resources on WHRDs Confronting extractivism and corporate power.

◾️ How can these resources support your activism and advocacy?

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Thank you!

AWID acknowledges with gratitude the invaluable input of every Woman Human Rights Defender who participated in this project. This project was made possible thanks to your willingness to generously and openly share your experiences and learnings. Your courage, creativity and resilience is an inspiration for us all. Thank you!

Related Content

Alternative framework for economic governance

Context

The current global economic crisis provides stark evidence that the economic policies of the last 3 decades have not been working.

The devastation that the crisis has wrought on the most vulnerable households in the Global North and Global South is a reminder that the formulation of economic policy and the realization of human rights (economic, social, political, civil and cultural) have for too long been divorced from one another. Economic policy and human rights do not have to be opposing forces, but can exist symbiotically.

Macroeconomic policies affect the operation of the economy as a whole, shaping the availability and distribution of resources. Within this context, fiscal and monetary policies are key.

Definition

  • Fiscal policy refers to both public revenue and public expenditure, and the relationships between them as expressed in the government budget.
  • Monetary policy includes policies on interest and exchange rates and the money supply, as well as the regulation of the financial sector.
  • Macroeconomic policies are implemented using instruments such as taxation, government spending, and control over the supply of money and credit.

These policies affect key prices such as interest and exchange rates that directly influence, among other things, the level of employment, access to affordable credit, and the housing market.

Applying a human rights framework to macroeconomic policy allows States to better comply with their obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill economic and social rights. Human rights are internationally agreed-upon universal standards. These legal norms are articulated in United Nations treaties including, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).

Article 1 of the UDHR states that, “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.”

Although the UDHR was written about six decades ago its relevance is enduring. Many of the ideas address concerns and critical issues that people continue to face globally. Issues regarding inhuman punishment (Art. 5), discrimination (Art. 7), property ownership (Art. 17), equal pay for equal work (Art. 23/2), and access to education (Art. 26/1) are pertinent matters in countries South and North of the equator.

More specifically, States have an obligation under international law to respect, protect and fulfill human rights, including the economic and social rights of people within their jurisdiction. This is particularly relevant now given the financial crisis. In the U.S., regulation is skewed in favor of certain interests. The failure to extend government’s supervisory role in the context of social and economic change is a failure with regard to the obligation to protect human rights.

Feminist perspective

States should abide by key human rights principles to achieve economic and social rights. Some of the principles have potentially important implications for governance of financial institutions and markets, yet these possibilities have been underexplored.

Economic and social rights have a concrete institutional and legal grounding. Global declarations, international treaties, covenants, and, in a number of cases, national constitutions have incorporated aspects of the economic and social rights framework—providing an institutional infrastructure in national and international law.

Some have suggested that a consideration of global justice may not be a useful pursuit because of the institutional complexities involved. However, this does not get around that fact that global institutions already have an impact on social justice, both positive and negative.

It is useful to tease out the implications that elements of alternative frameworks have for economic governance, specifically those supported by existing institutions. Economic and social rights represent one such concrete framework. The framework is an evolving one, and ongoing discussion and deliberation is necessary to address underdeveloped areas and potential deficiencies.


Learn more about this proposition

This section is based on CWGL’s blog “Applying a Human Rights Framework to Macroeconomic Policies” (2012).

Part of our series of


  Feminist Propositions for a Just Economy

Snippet FEA Agroecology And Food (ES)

AGROECOLOGÍA Y SOBERANÍA ALIMENTARIA COMO RESISTENCIA

Hoy en día, la producción industrial de alimentos a gran escala utiliza plantaciones de monocultivo, organismos genéticamente modificados y otros pesticidas que destruyen la tierra y el conocimiento de las comunidades locales.

La agroecología es una resistencia a la agricultura hiper-industrializada utilizada por las multinacionales. La agroecología prioriza la agricultura a pequeña escala, los cultivos múltiples y la producción de alimentos diversificados, al tiempo que se centra en el conocimiento y las prácticas tradicionales locales. La agroecología va de la mano con los reclamos de soberanía alimentaria, o el "derecho de los pueblos a alimentos sanos y culturalmente apropiados producidos por métodos ecológicamente racionales y sostenibles, y su derecho a definir sus propios sistemas alimentarios y agrícolas" (Vía Campesina, Declaración de Nyéléni).

El papel de las mujeres, las comunidades indígenas y rurales y las personas racializadas en los países del Sur Global es fundamental para mantener los sistemas alimentarios. Lxs agroecologistxs feministas trabajan para desmantelar los roles de género opresivos y los sistemas patriarcales arraigados en la producción de alimentos. Como lo muestran las heroínas de Nous Sommes la Solution, generan una agroecología liberadora al fortalecer la resiliencia de las comunidades, empoderar a las mujeres campesinas y agricultoras mientras preservan las tradiciones locales, los territorios y los conocimientos de las comunidades productoras de alimentos.

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Tout à fait, nous souhaitons connaître votre opinion et votre expérience du financement.

Key impacts on the international human rights system

Anti-rights actors have had a substantive impact on our human rights framework and the progressive interpretation of human rights standards, especially rights related to gender and sexuality.

When it comes to the impact of conservative actors in international policy spaces, the overall picture today is of stasis and regressions.


We have witnessed the watering down of existing agreements and commitment; deadlock in negotiations; sustained undermining of UN agencies, treaty review bodies and Special Procedures; and success in pushing through regressive language in international human rights documents.

Commission on the Status of Women (CSW)

The CSW, held annually in March, has long been one of the most contested sites in the UN system. In March 2015, conservative efforts set the tone before events or negotiations even began; the outcome document of the Commission was a weak Declaration negotiated before any women’s rights activists even arrived on the ground.

At 2016’s CSW, the new Youth Caucus was infiltrated by large numbers of vocal anti-abortion and anti-SRHR actors, who shouted down progressive youth organizations. Again, intensive negotiations resulted in a lacklustre text, which included regressive language on ‘the family.’

Precisely when addressing women’s human rights is of urgent importance, the CSW has been rendered a depoliticized and weakened space. Using it to advance rights has become harder and harder since progressives’ energy is taken up trying to hold the ground against conservative backlash.

Human Rights Council (HRC)

As the intergovernmental body responsible for the promotion and protection of human rights around the globe, the HRC is a key entry point for conservative actors. In recent years, this mechanism has been the scene for a number of damaging anti-human rights moves.

In conversation with other anti-rights actors, one strategy of conservative states, and blocs of states, is to aggressively negotiate out positive language and to introduce hostile amendments to resolutions, most often resolutions focusing on rights related to gender and sexuality.

To take one example, during the June 2016 session of the HRC, opposition was mounted towards a resolution on discrimination against women by the member states of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and allies. During contentious negotiations, multiple provisions were removed, including women’s and girls’ right to have control over their sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, and reproductive rights; and the need to repeal laws which perpetuate the patriarchal oppression of women and girls in families, and those criminalizing adultery or pardoning marital rape.

The HRC has also been the site of pernicious conservative initiatives to co-opt human rights norms and enact conservative “human rights” language, such as that of the Russia-led “traditional values” resolutions, and more recently the “Protection of the Family” agenda.

Human Rights Committee

In 2015, moving their sights to another front, a number of religious right organizations began to target the Human Rights Committee, the treaty monitoring body for the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), a pivotal human rights instrument.

Anti-human rights groups mobilized in hopes of cementing their anti-abortion rhetoric into the treaty.

When the Committee announced it was drafting a new authoritative interpretation of the right to life, over 30 conservative non-state actors sent in written submissions, advocating their misleading discourse on ‘right to life’ - that life begins at conception and that abortion is a violation of the right - be incorporated in the Committee’s interpretation of article 6.

Conservative groups targeting the Human Rights Committee was a shift considering that historically anti-human rights actors have repeatedly attempted to undermine and invalidate the essential work of the treaty monitoring bodies, including the Human Rights Committee.

SDG negotiations and Agenda 2030

Anti-human rights actors were involved in lobbying towards the development of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, focusing again on rights relating to gender and sexuality. These efforts had limited traction in their attempts to embed regressive language in Agenda 2030.

However, after successfully pushing back against progressive language in the final text, conservative actors then pivoted to another strategy. In an attempt to evade state accountability and undermine the universality of rights, several states have repeatedly made reservations to the Goals.

On behalf of the African Group, Senegal claimed that African states would only “implement the goals in line with the cultural and religious values of its countries.”

The Holy See also made a number of reservations, stating it was “confident that the related pledge ‘no one will be left behind’ would be read” as meaning “the right to life of the person, from conception until natural death.”

Saudi Arabia went one step further, declaring that the country would not follow any international rules relating to the SDGs that reference sexual orientation or gender identity, describing them as running “counter to Islamic law.”

General Assembly (GA)

Anti-rights actors have made increasing headway at the UN General Assembly (GA).  Most recently, during the 71st session in 2016, the GA was the scene of feverish anti-rights organizing in opposition to the new mandate created by the Human Rights Council resolution on sexual orientation and gender identity in June 2016: the Independent Expert on SOGI. Four separate attempts were made to undercut the mandate in GA spaces.

One approach was to introduce a hostile resolution at the Third Committee[1], led by the African Group, which in essence aimed to indefinitely defer the new mandate. While this approach was not successful, such an attempt in the GA to retroactively block the creation of a mandate brought forward by the Human Rights Council represented a new and troubling tactic - anti-right actors are now working to directly undermine the HRC’s authority respective to the General Assembly.

Another approach targeted the Fifth Committee (responsible for administration and budgetary matters) as an entry point to attack the mandate. In an unprecedented move a number of States attempted (again, unsuccessfully) to block the funding of UN human rights experts, including the new IE on SOGI[2],.

While these multiple efforts were unsuccessful in blocking the creation and continuation of the new mandate, the significant support they received, the novel strategizing employed, and the strong alliances built along regional lines through negotiations point to difficulties ahead.


[1] The Third Committee of the GA deals with agenda items relating to a range of social, humanitarian affairs, and human rights issues.  Each year it discusses and issues resolutions on issues including the advancement of women, the protection of children, family, and youth.

[2] While UN Special Procedures experts (i.e. Special Rapporteurs, Working Group members and Independent Experts) work pro bono, some funds are generally allocated to facilitate country visits on the invitation of the national government, and support staff.

 


Other Chapters

Read the full report

AWID en 2014: Fortaleciendo la organización de las mujeres por sus derechos en todo el mundo

Es una gran satisfacción para AWID compartir contigo nuestro Informe Anual 2014.

En el año que pasó, nuestro trabajo abarcó desde la construcción de conocimientos en temáticas de derechos humanos de las mujeres hasta la amplificación de las respuestas a la violencia contra las defensoras de derechos humanos, y continuamos fortaleciendo a los movimientos feministas y por los derechos de las mujeres en todo el mundo.

Lee el informe para conocer mejor cómo desarrollamos las capacidades de nuestra membresía y de nuestras bases de apoyo en general, cómo presionamos con fuerza para que los derechos de las mujeres estuvieran en la agenda de los procesos internacionales más importantes de desarrollo y derechos humanos, y cómo ayudamos a incrementar la cobertura de las temáticas y los procesos organizativos por los derechos de las mujeres en distintos medios. En el informe encontrarás una muestra panorámica de nuestros proyectos y algunas cifras concretas que demuestran nuestro impacto.

La colaboración ocupa un lugar central en todo lo que hacemos y esperamos con entusiasmo continuar trabajando juntas el año próximo para llevar a nuestros movimientos al nivel que sigue.


Un adelanto del informe

A pesar de un panorama cada vez más problemático, existen importantes señales de esperanza para avanzar en las agendas de los derechos de las mujeres. Las activistas por los derechos de las mujeres continúan siendo vitales para abrir espacios que  les permitan reclamar un cambio estructural, sostener a sus comunidades, oponerse a la violencia y mantener las conquistas fundamentales. Existen también oportunidades muy importantes para influir sobre nuevas/os actoras/es y movilizar mayores recursos para apoyar a las organizaciones por los derechos de las mujeres.

Es en este contexto que la acción colectiva firme y los procesos de organización entre activistas por los derechos de las mujeres siguen siendo decisivos.

Nuestro impacto

  • Construimos conocimientos sobre temas relacionados con los derechos de las mujeres
  • Fortalecimos nuestra comunidad  en línea
  • Ayudamos a mejorar las respuestas a la violencia ejercida contra las defensoras de derechos humanos
  • Fortalecimos la construcción de movimientos a través de procesos de trabajo en colaboración
  • Trabajamos arduamente para mantener a los derechos humanos de las mujeres en la agenda de los principales procesos internacionales para el desarrollo
  • Ayudamos a las organizaciones por los derechos de las mujeres a incidir mejor sobre los donantes y, en la propia comunidad de donantes,  hicimos que las organizaciones por los derechos de las mujeres se tornaran más visibles y mejor conocidas
  • Contribuimos a aumentar y mejorar la cobertura de los temas relacionados con los derechos de las mujeres y sus procesos organizativos en los medios tradicionales

Estoy sinceramente entusiasmada con los logros conseguidos por AWID desde  1982 y espero poder hacer aunque sea una modesta contribución a su ardua tarea en favor de las mujeres y de la igualdad de género.” — Aleksandra Miletic-Santic, Bosnia y Herzegovina

La membresía


Lee el informe completo

 

Snippet FEA Bio fertilizer and Sum-Pack (FR)

    ILLUSTRATION DES PRODUITS NSS : Engrais bio et Sum-Pack - Cubes de bouillon naturel

How can I access the survey?

The survey is available on KOBO, an open-source platform for collecting, managing, and visualizing data. To participate, simply click on the survey link here and follow the instructions to complete the survey. 

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2019 : Réalités féministes dans un monde en évolution

L’AWID a commencé à préparer ce rapport annuel au moment même où la pandémie mondiale commençait à bouleverser nos modes de rassemblement, d’organisation et de vie. Nous ne pouvons donc passer en revue notre travail sans prendre en compte l’influence de la COVID-19 dans notre évaluation.  

Téléchargez le rapport annuel 2019 complet (PDF)


La cocréation de réalités féministes n’est plus seulement le thème du Forum l’AWID – elle est un cri de ralliement suite à une pandémie démontrant les failles des systèmes économiques, politiques et sociaux.

Elle est une affirmation urgente de l’existence d’autres façons, plus justes, d’organiser nos vies. En 2019, des centaines de groupes ont partagé avec nous leurs expériences et leurs propositions : des réseaux radicaux de soutien communautaire en Amérique latine, qui facilitent l’avortement autogéré, aux pratiques économiques centrées sur les communautés en Indonésie et aux systèmes alimentaires communautaires en Inde et aux États-Unis, en passant par une réinvention et une nouvelle pratique de rites de passage sans danger en Sierra Leone. Ce sont ces expériences qui traceront la voie d’une « nouvelle norme ».  

Pour autant, les historiques d'oppression et de violence peuvent rendre l'imagination des possibles compliquée. Un élément clé de notre travail en 2019 a été d’initier ces pistes via la boîte à outils visant à soutenir les groupes qui cherchent à dénicher des histoires et des aspirations, piliers de propositions féministes.

Tandis que nous focalisons sur nos propositions pour un autre monde, nous reconnaissons le contexte difficile qui nous entoure.

Au sein de l'Observatoire de l'universalité des droits (OURs), de Feminists for a Bing Treaty (Féministes pour un traité contraignant), de Count Me In ! (Comptez sur moi!) et d’autres alliances, l’AWID n’a pas cessé de contrer le pouvoir débridé des entreprises et les agendas fascistes et fondamentalistes qui mettent à mal les droits des femmes et la justice de genre. Dans un contexte de perspectives sombres pour un changement transformateur par les processus multilatéraux et de capacités limitées à réagir pour la plupart des États, nous redoublons d'efforts pour nous assurer que les mouvements féministes, dans toute leur diversité, soient dotés de ressources adaptées aux rôles majeurs qu'ils jouent – en soutenant leurs communautés, en réclamant des droits et en répondant aux crises. En 2019, nous avons introduit des principes et des approches féministes aux fonds révolutionnaires tels que l'Initiative Spotlight et le Fonds Égalité. Nous avons de plus réussi à mobiliser des ressources via des aides à l’amorçage de réalités féministes, financées par des bailleurs féministes. 

À l’heure où nous nous penchons vers l'avenir, le contexte appelle clairement à une transformation de nos stratégies d'organisation :

  • nous apprenons à naviguer dans un plaidoyer mondial se limitant aux canaux en ligne,
  • nous composons avec l'incertitude du moment et des modalités de réunions en face à face, et
  • nous utilisons les outils à notre disposition pour accentuer les connexions entre les sphères locales et mondiales.

L’AWID se lance dans un nouveau modèle d'adhésion qui permet un meilleur accès et met l'accent sur les opportunités d'engagement et de connexion entre membres. Nous continuerons d'expérimenter différents outils et processus en ligne pour renforcer notre communauté. Et l'engagement inter-mouvements restera au cœur de notre travail. Nos actions solidaires envers les mouvements et les identités opprimées, même et surtout lorsqu’ils sont marginalisés, sont importantes pour conduire le changement et soutenir des mouvements, inclusifs pour tou·te·s.

La crise n'est pas nouvelle pour les mouvements féministes et sociaux.

Nous sommes résilient·e·s, nous nous adaptons et nous sommes présent·e·s les un·e·s pour les autres. Nous devrons continuer à faire encore mieux. Merci à toutes les personnes qui nous accompagnent dans cette aventure.

Téléchargez le rapport annuel 2019 complet (PDF)

Snippet FEA Avellaneda, Gran Buenos Aires (EN)

Avellaneda, Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina

Cooperativa Textil Nadia Echazú

WEAVING

LIVES

¿La encuesta ¿Dónde está el dinero? es accesible para personas con discapacidades?

Sí, es accesible para personas con diverso grado de discapacidades auditivas, visuales, cognitivas y de movilidad.

María Verónica Reina

María was recognized globally for her extraordinary leadership in the disability community.

She represented the International Disability and Development Consortium during the negotiation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2001-2006).

Her work was devoted to the implementation of the goal of the Convention - realization of universal human rights by, for and with persons with disabilities for an inclusive, accessible and sustainable world.

In her words, her leadership was about “...serving the disability community, starting with small tasks that others may not wish to do”.

She passed away on October 27, 2017 in her hometown of Rosario, Argentina.

Read more about María Verónica Reina in her own words 

 


 

María Verónica Reina, Argentina

Here are your report and infographics: Toward a feminist funding ecosystem

Stephanie Bracken

Biography
Stephanie Bracken es una feminista dedicada a construir y a apoyar sistemas fuertes orientados a atender las necesidades del momento y las personas que interactúan con ellos y responden a principios de la justicia. Tiene una maestría en Derechos Humanos de la Universidad de Sydney y una licenciatura en Estudios de Género, Historia y Filosofía de la Universidad McGill. Posee experiencia de trabajo con organizaciones feministas y por la justicia social en seguimiento, evaluación y aprendizaje, planificación del trabajo estratégico, gobernanza, gestión de proyectos y establecimiento de sistemas y procesos operacionales. Stephanie vive en Tiohtià:ke/Montreal, donde disfruta de cantar con otrxs, acampar, el arte textil y pasar tiempo con sus hijes y su comunidad.
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